China-kiln



(No Model.)

N; M. FITCH.

CHINA KILN.

o. 395,128. Patented D60. 25, 1888.

NANCY M. FlTCH, OF SPRINGFIELD, OHIO.

CHlNA -KILN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 395,128, dated December 25, 1888.

Serial No. 277,470. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, NANCY M. FITUH, acitizen of the United States, residing at Springfield, in the county of Clark and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in China-Kilns, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in china-kilns specially adapted to firing decorative china.

It also relates in its nature to improvements upon my Letters Patent, No. 291,625, issued to me July 17,1883.

The object of my invention is to provide a china-kiln that shall be portable in its nature and adapted to utilize as a heating agency the ordinary from city mains and other forms of fuel-gas, the special object of my invention being to construct and arrange the par so that the decorations on the china being hred shall suffer no evil results from contact with the products of combustion. l accomplish these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a perspective view oi a device embodying my invention. Fig. :2 is a vertical sectional elevation view of the same. Fig. 3 is a plan view of a shelf or partition in the firingpot. Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the gas-burner. Figs. 5 and 6 are respectively detail views, in perspective, of the upper supporting ring. Fig. 7 is a sectional view, in detail, partly in perspective, showing the upper portion of the firing-pot and the lid thereon.

Like parts are indicated by similar letters of reference throughout the several views.

In the accompanying drawings, A represents the outer casing of my device,which c011- sists, preferably, of sections A A A &c., of a material such as is used in stove-linings or for fire-brick. These sections are arranged vertically and supported at the lower end on the base-ring l3, provided in the usual manner with supporting-legs a. The base-plate B is preferably provided with small upwardlyprojecting flanges a, between which the lower end of the sections A A &c., are adapted to rest. The base is also provided with in wardlyprojecting arms ta which extend radially to- Ward the center and support the burner O.

The sections A A A are held together at the top by the supportlug-ring I), provided on its outside edge with an annular flange, 1), adapted to project d ownwardly on the outside of the sections A A (to. This ring I) is preferably made in two parts, as shown in Figs. 5 and ('3, one of the parts being provided with an ovei'lap jiing extension, d,having a slotted opening, (1 therein adapted to fit over a pin or stud, cl, in the other part, this arrangement being such that the sections A A are held in place, while at the same time the ring D is adapted to adjust itself to any unequal expansion of the parts caused by the unequal heating of the same.

E is the firing-pot, in which the decorated articles to be fired are placed. This pot E is suspended from the top by small projecting D. it is made of a size slightly smaller than the interior of the casing A, so that an annular space, F, is left entirely around the outer periphery of said pot. Located on the top of the pot E, and resting on the sup portingring D, is an outer cover, H, provided at the center with an outlet-opening, H, and around its periphery at the bottom with a series of open ings, d.

The gas-burner (j is of a well-hnown kind, and is supplied with through a suitable pipe from any convenient source of supply. The burner is placed directly under the bottom of the pot E, the bottom of the casing A being left entirely open for the supply of air to the burner 0, except for the projecting arms a which form a supporting-spider for said burner.

The pot E is provided at the top with a cover, E, having a laterally-proj ecting flange, f, and a downwardly-projecting flange, f adapted to fit in corresponding annular recesses in the top of the pot E. The cover E stands below the outer cover,I-I,a sufficientdistance to form a passage or flue between the same to the outletopenin g H.

The operation of the device as thus described is of a very simple character. The outer and inner covers, H and E, being removed, the decorated articles to be fired are placed within the pot E and the covers replaced thereon. The gas is suppliedto the burner O and ignited, i the heat passing up around the pot E, and the ears 0, adapted to rest on the supportingring too products of combustion passing out through the outlet-opening H and the small openin (l at the top of the outer casing, A.

It has been found by experience that great difficulty has been encountered with kilns of this character where gas is used as'fuel in preventing the products of combustion from entering the pot E and mixing with the pigments used in decoration, destroying the colors of the same. To overcome this difficulty, I provide, in connection with the construction and arrangement of parts above described, an inlet-opening, J, and an outlet opening, J, to the pot E. The opening J extends through the outer casing, A, into the pot E below a shelf or partition, E on which the decorated articles are preferably placed in firing. The outlet-opening J is preferably formed on the lid E and projects through the outer cover, H, which is provided with an opening, through which said outlet J extends. By this construction as the pot E is heated the air from the said pot and the fumes caused by the burning of the said pigments rise to the top and escape through the orifice J, the lower portion of the pot being supplied with fresh air through the opening J, which thus creates a circulation through the said pot, carrying off all gases from the said pigments out through the outer opening and preventing the products of combustion from entering therein and destroying the colors in the decorated article.

A china-kiln as thus described it will be seen is simple in its construction, and is adapted to be used in private houses or other places without dust or dirt therefrom.

Having thus described my invention, I elaim- 1. The combination, with the outer casing made in sections, of a base-piece on which said sections are adapted to rest, inwardly-proj ecting arms on the said base-piece and a gasburner on the said arms, a divided supportingring on the said outer casing, a fire-pot supported thereon, and an outer cover provided with an exit-opening over said fire-box, substantially as specified.

2. The combination, with an outer casing made in sections and supported on a base portion, of a supporting-ring at the top of said outer casing, made in two parts with overlapping portions, one of which is provided with a pin or stud projecting in a slotted opening in the other, and a fire-pot having projecting ears adapted to rest on the said supportingring, substantially as specified.

The combination, with an outer casing made in sections, of the base-plate on which said sections are supported, inwardly-projecting arms on said base-plate, a gas-burner supported on said arms, a divided supporting-ring at the top of said casing, a ti ring-pot suspended from said supporting-ring, a cover for said firing-pot, and an outer cover for said outer easing adapted to rest on said supporting-ring, said outer cover being provided with perforations and anexit-opening, substantially as specified.

it. The combination, with the outer casing, of the firing-pot suspended therein, a gasburner under said firing-pot, an outer cover having perforations in the periphery thereof and an exit-opening near its center, an inner cover on said firing-pot provided with an exitopening adapted to extend into said firing-pot, and an inlet-openin g extendin through said outer casing into the interior of said pot, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this llth day of June, A. I). 1888.

NANCY M. FITCH.

*itnesses:

D. O. BRADLEY, EMMA BRADLEY. 

